Toxicity of aspen wood leachate to aquatic life: Laboratory studies

Toxicity and chemistry of aspen wood leachate to aquatic life: field study.

A dark, toxic leachate has been observed around woodpiles of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) cut in winter for pulp or structural lumber. We measured production of leachate from 18 m3 of harvestable aspen logs stacked in an open field near Dawson Creek, British Columbia, Canada. The logpile began producing leachate during the first winter thaw and continued to do so for the duratio...

Higher Tier Laboratory Aquatic Toxicity Testing

Structural Changes to Aspen Wood Lignin during Autohydrolysis Pretreatment

Aspen wood was subjected to autohydrolysis as a pre-treatment to characterize the structural changes occurring in lignin fractions during the pre-treatment process. Milled wood lignin (MWL) was isolated from both the native aspen wood and hydrolyzed wood chips, and its structural features were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), quantitative 13C, two-dimensional heteronuclear s...

Acute cadmium toxicity studies upon nine species of aquatic insects.

Continuous-flow bioassays were employed to determine 96.hour median tolerance limits (TLm), for the stonefly. Pteronnrcrllu hadia (Hagen) (TLm was 18.0 mg Cd/l) and the mayfly, Ephemerella grundis grarzdis Eaton (TLm was 28.0 mg Cd/l). Ninety-six hours TLm values for other species of aquatic insects tested were not determined, since these species were relatively insensitive to cadmium. Insects ...

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ECOLOGY Laboratory Toxicity of Three Mosquito Oviposition Repellents to Six Nontarget Aquatic Invertebrates

Toxicity of three mosquito oviposition repellents, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (AI3-22542 or deet), AI3-35765, and AI3-37220 to 6 aquatic nontarget invertebrates, was evaluated in the laboratory. The 24-h LC50 values for Cypricercus sp. (Ostracoda), Moina sp. (Cladocera), Eucyclops agilis Koch (Copepoda), Strelkovimermis spiculatus Poinar & Camino (Nematoda), Þrstand fourth-instar Toxorhynchi...